Global Encounters Intro
(Byzantine Empire)
(Byzantine Empire)
Government Religion Culture Economics Legacy
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Byzantine Empire...
(330 - 1453)
(330 - 1453)
I. 330 AD Emperor Constantine...
A. Moved the capital of the Roman Empire
B. Greek city - eastern part of the Empire
C. Re- Named it Constantinople
1. Strategically located with water on three sides
II. Byzantines Develop a Unique Culture
A. Maintained the imperial system of government
B. Had a diverse population
C. Had their own form of Christianity; Eastern Orthodox
III. Reasons for the survival of the Byzantine Empire
A. Had a classic culture
B. Location
1. Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia
C. Had a strong central government and a large army
A. Moved the capital of the Roman Empire
B. Greek city - eastern part of the Empire
C. Re- Named it Constantinople
1. Strategically located with water on three sides
II. Byzantines Develop a Unique Culture
A. Maintained the imperial system of government
B. Had a diverse population
C. Had their own form of Christianity; Eastern Orthodox
III. Reasons for the survival of the Byzantine Empire
A. Had a classic culture
B. Location
1. Located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia
C. Had a strong central government and a large army
Emperor Justinian
Emperor Justinian...
A. Basic Info
1. Justinian ruled from 527 to 565
2. Emperor had all the laws of ancient Rome collected, revised, and organized
3. His code became the basis for western European law in 1100's AD
4. Used today as basis for international law
B. Military Goals
1. Determined to revive grandeur of Ancient Rome
2. Reconquered North Africa, Italy, and Southern Spain
3. Established a trade nation around the Mediterranean
C. Problems Arise
1. Dissatisfaction arose with Justinian's government ministers
2. Chariot racing fractions united and rioted, demanding removal of unpopular officials
3. Tried to overthrow Justinian
4. Although HIS AWESOME WIFE, Empress Theodora saves the day
D. Legacy
1. Under Justinian, the Byzantine Empire reached its height in culture and prosperity
2. Built the Hagia Sophia
3. Magnificent use of arches to support huge domed roof
4. First the Hagia Sophia was a church then a mosque and is currently a museum
A. Basic Info
1. Justinian ruled from 527 to 565
2. Emperor had all the laws of ancient Rome collected, revised, and organized
3. His code became the basis for western European law in 1100's AD
4. Used today as basis for international law
B. Military Goals
1. Determined to revive grandeur of Ancient Rome
2. Reconquered North Africa, Italy, and Southern Spain
3. Established a trade nation around the Mediterranean
C. Problems Arise
1. Dissatisfaction arose with Justinian's government ministers
2. Chariot racing fractions united and rioted, demanding removal of unpopular officials
3. Tried to overthrow Justinian
4. Although HIS AWESOME WIFE, Empress Theodora saves the day
D. Legacy
1. Under Justinian, the Byzantine Empire reached its height in culture and prosperity
2. Built the Hagia Sophia
3. Magnificent use of arches to support huge domed roof
4. First the Hagia Sophia was a church then a mosque and is currently a museum
Justinian Code
"Things in which are common to all and not capable of being owned are: the air, running water, the sea, and the seashores." - Justinian Code
Laws About Justinian Code
Women's Right
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All women can own property, make contracts and will, and bring a lawsuit.
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Robbery
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Robbery was not a crime. The victim could sue the robber for up to four times the value of the stolen property.
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Failure to Pay Debts
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People owed something and had to the person owning them to gain debt back.
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Murder
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Murder was punished by banishment...only? YES!
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Inheritance
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Women could not inherit property from their husbands unless it was provided in a will. Children received equal amounts of the father's estate.
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What caused the Christian Church to split into two or the Great Schism?!
Definition of The Great Schism: The Breach between the Eastern and Western churches
- The Great Schism of 1054 was the split between the Eastern and Western Christian churches
- The Pope is the leader of the Roman Catholic Church. However, each local Bishop and Patriarch (in charge of a group of Bishops) is responsible for the care of Christians In their Orthodox region
- The Roman Catholic Church accepts the doctrine of original sin (all people are born with Adam's sin of disobeying God) But Orthodox Christians do not accept the doctrine of original sin
- The Roman Catholic Church accepts the concept of Purgatory or a place where people who have committed small sins go before admission to heaven. The Orthodox Church does not accept the concept of Purgatory.
- Orthodox Christians use icons or small pictures of saints and Jesus. Icons help in the education of Christians as well as provide ornamentation to Christian churches.
It's the....Mongol Empire!
A. Location
1. The largest land empire EVER --- stretched across Asia and Eastern Europe
B. Mongol's method of governing
1. Conquered people were forced to pay tribune to the Mongols but were otherwise allowed to maintain their culture and lifestyle
2. Mongol rulers in China allowed freedom of worship. This reduced the threat of rebellion
3. Mongol rulers encouraged intermarriage with conquered people. This made the Mongols seem like invaders and more like fellow citizens
C. Mongol rule in Eurasia (Europe + Asia oh how clever ha-ha)
1. Led to harsh and strict methods of control developing in Russia and China
2. Created peace and stability that led to trading interactions with Europe
Fun Facts!
1. Declared themselves to be descendants of Huns but it may or may not be true
2. Nicknamed Tartar's or "People from hell"
1. The largest land empire EVER --- stretched across Asia and Eastern Europe
B. Mongol's method of governing
1. Conquered people were forced to pay tribune to the Mongols but were otherwise allowed to maintain their culture and lifestyle
2. Mongol rulers in China allowed freedom of worship. This reduced the threat of rebellion
3. Mongol rulers encouraged intermarriage with conquered people. This made the Mongols seem like invaders and more like fellow citizens
C. Mongol rule in Eurasia (Europe + Asia oh how clever ha-ha)
1. Led to harsh and strict methods of control developing in Russia and China
2. Created peace and stability that led to trading interactions with Europe
Fun Facts!
1. Declared themselves to be descendants of Huns but it may or may not be true
2. Nicknamed Tartar's or "People from hell"
Government Culture Economics Conquests Legacy
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Who was Ghengis Khan?
A. Life of Ghengis Khan
1. Childhood
a. His father was murdered when he was 10
b. Was born Temujin and changed his name when he became a leader
2. Adulthood
a. As a military leader, if any solider disobeyed him or showed him fear was ripped apart by a horse or "Drawn Quarted"
B. Mongol Decline
1. Death of Ghengis Khan
a. After his death the unified Mongol Empire split into 4 separate territories
2. Tamerlane the Great
b. This brutal Mongol Khan attacked the ruler of the neighboring Khanate. This leads to further Mongol weakening
1. Childhood
a. His father was murdered when he was 10
b. Was born Temujin and changed his name when he became a leader
2. Adulthood
a. As a military leader, if any solider disobeyed him or showed him fear was ripped apart by a horse or "Drawn Quarted"
B. Mongol Decline
1. Death of Ghengis Khan
a. After his death the unified Mongol Empire split into 4 separate territories
2. Tamerlane the Great
b. This brutal Mongol Khan attacked the ruler of the neighboring Khanate. This leads to further Mongol weakening
Ancient Japanese Society Basics
Japan's Geography Effects on Japanese's Development
Japans is a small nation
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Severe overcrowding in most of Japanese society had occurred.
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Japan is a Archipelago or a chain of islands
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Japan has been protected from foreign invasion, and enemies can not conquer them.
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Japanese terrain is mostly mountainous
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Japan lacks enough farmland to feed its people, as a result Japan must import most of its food.
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Japan is located very close to its Asian neighbors of China and Korea
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Chinese and Korean customs (writing systems, religion etc.) have influenced Japanese culture.
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Kami is...
A divine being or spiritual force in Shinto
The idea of Kami is unique to Ancient Japanese Society. It's had to understand that it doesn't just have one meaning. To the Japanese it originally meant heaven and earth, and spirits. But, eventually the term changed with the more modern times, and now can even relate to human beings. Nature is also considered to be Kami. In Ancient Japan, emperors used to be called, "Distant Kami". Kami is anything that has supernatural powers and is more powerful than human beings.
A divine being or spiritual force in Shinto
The idea of Kami is unique to Ancient Japanese Society. It's had to understand that it doesn't just have one meaning. To the Japanese it originally meant heaven and earth, and spirits. But, eventually the term changed with the more modern times, and now can even relate to human beings. Nature is also considered to be Kami. In Ancient Japan, emperors used to be called, "Distant Kami". Kami is anything that has supernatural powers and is more powerful than human beings.
Japanese Feudalism
(1185 - 1600)
(1185 - 1600)
Feudalism is...
A political, social, and economic system which had a rigid class structure and in which land was exchanged for military service.
I. Rise of Feudalism
A. Imperial System ruled by Emperors
B. Weakened
1. Noble families gained power in the 800's
2. Emperor became a figure head
C. 1100's
1. Political power rested in the hand of military warlords
IV. Class Structure
1. The Shogun
a. Military Governor General
b. Political Power
c. Ruled with the support of a noble class
2. Daimyo
a. Great landholders
b. Swore allegiance to the Shogun
3. Samurai
a. Warrior class
b. Swore allegiance to the Daimyo or Shogun
c. Granted land for military service
d. Had a code of conduct: Bushido
*Simplicity
*Courage
*Honor
*Unquestioning obedience
4. Peasants and Artisans
a. Worked the farm
b. In return for service -- received protection of the samurai
5. Merchants
a. Low social status
b. Considerably wealth
A political, social, and economic system which had a rigid class structure and in which land was exchanged for military service.
I. Rise of Feudalism
A. Imperial System ruled by Emperors
B. Weakened
1. Noble families gained power in the 800's
2. Emperor became a figure head
C. 1100's
1. Political power rested in the hand of military warlords
IV. Class Structure
1. The Shogun
a. Military Governor General
b. Political Power
c. Ruled with the support of a noble class
2. Daimyo
a. Great landholders
b. Swore allegiance to the Shogun
3. Samurai
a. Warrior class
b. Swore allegiance to the Daimyo or Shogun
c. Granted land for military service
d. Had a code of conduct: Bushido
*Simplicity
*Courage
*Honor
*Unquestioning obedience
4. Peasants and Artisans
a. Worked the farm
b. In return for service -- received protection of the samurai
5. Merchants
a. Low social status
b. Considerably wealth
Religion of Ancient Japan
Zen Buddhism...
A school of learning that enlightenment can come through meditation and intuition rather than faith.
A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism which came from India through China. It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.
A school of learning that enlightenment can come through meditation and intuition rather than faith.
A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism which came from India through China. It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.
Shintoism...
The naïve religion of Japan; primarily a system of nature and ancestor worship.
1. Shinto, which means "Way of the Gods" is the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on nature
2. Established around the year 500 BCE
3. Founded from a mixture of tribal religions with similar beliefs
4. Most commonly practiced in Japan
The naïve religion of Japan; primarily a system of nature and ancestor worship.
1. Shinto, which means "Way of the Gods" is the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on nature
2. Established around the year 500 BCE
3. Founded from a mixture of tribal religions with similar beliefs
4. Most commonly practiced in Japan
West African Kingdoms
Religion
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Government
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Economy
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Culture
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Legacy
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